2013年9月14日， #曹順利 應邀前往日內瓦參加聯合國人權機制培訓，在北京首都機場被公安帶走失蹤，被當局以「非法集會」罪名拘押朝陽區看守所。曹順利被抓前患有嚴重肝病至肝腹水 。由於得不到適當治療，病情惡化。家屬和律師多次申請保外就醫被拒，當局也拒絕讓她接受治療。2014年2月19日，警方將重度昏迷的曹順利送入999急救中心搶救，後轉入北京309醫院，其間醫院多次宣告病危，最終於3月14日不治。其後家人和律師要求就其死因作獨立調查，醫院竟宣稱她的屍體不知所終 。
Cao Shunli was detained on 14 September 2013 at Beijing Capital International Airport while attempting to travel to Geneva to attend an NGO event on cooperation with UN human rights mechanisms during the Human Rights Council session. Cao Shunli had suffered from liver disease, a severe condition of liver ascites before this detention. In the Chaoyang District Detention Centre, she got neither treatment nor medicine and her condition deteriorated. Cao’s family members and lawyer have repeatedly applied for medical parole, but the authorities refused their applications and failed to provide her treatment in time. On 19 February 2014, the police sent Cao Shunli, who was already in a coma, to the emergency medical centre. She was then transferred to 309 Military Hospital in Beijing, which declared that she was critically ill. She passed away on 14 March 2014 due to organ failure. Cao’s family believed that Cao was tortured and demanded an independent investigation of her death. Then the hospital claimed that Cao’s body was no longer there and refused to disclose further details.
姓名：曹順利 （Cao Shunli）
出生日期：1961年3月28日，殁於：2014年3月14日
職業：維權人士
被拘捕日期：2013年9月14日
被拘捕地點：北京首都機場。曹本擬到日內瓦參加聯合國人權理事會「普遍定期審議」會議，在機場被公安帶走，與外界失去聯繫。
被拘捕罪名：失踪近一個月後，外界才得知她於當天被當局以涉嫌「非法集會罪」被刑事拘留
正式被捕日期： 2013年10月21日，曹順利被正式批捕，當局變更罪名為「尋釁滋事罪」
被起訴日期：
法律代表：王宇律師
審訊日期：
審判日期：
判決結果：
刑期：
關押地點：北京朝陽看守所，在北京309醫院去世後遺體去向不明
案件簡介：
曹順利畢業於北京大學法律系，法學碩士，曾任職於中國的勞動人事部。因揭發單位分房的腐敗情況而得罪領導，在2000年被解除公職。她自2008年開始幫助上訪維權群體，為訪民提供法律幫助，將數萬字介紹聯合國人權機制的資料翻譯成中文，並在訪民中傳播聯合國特別程序投訴過程和普遍定期審議。為此她在2009年和2010年先後兩次被判以勞動教養（分別為一年和15個月），遭受過多次酷刑，如不給予食物，或被強行鼻飼。
重獲自由後她一直推動政府信息公開，促進公民參與中國政府遞交聯合國的國家人權進展的報告。從2013年6月開始，她還參與了在中國外交部前的靜坐活動，要求參與中國政府起草普遍定期審議報告的過程。但是，當局完全拒絕了他們的要求。
2013年9月14日，她應邀去日內瓦參加聯合國人權機制培訓，在北京首都機場被公安帶走失踪，被當局以「非法集會」的罪名拘押在朝陽區看守所。同年10月21日被正式逮捕，罪名更改為「尋釁滋事」。
2013年10月30日，她的代表律師王宇律師和她見面後，指出曹順利很消瘦，身體特別差，營養不良。曹順利被抓前，患有肝病，嚴重至肝腹水，被關押在朝陽區看守所期間，由於沒有藥物，得不到治療，病情惡化。看守所迫於各方壓力對其進行體檢，發現她已染上肺結核，以及肝臟積液、子宮腫瘤和多種疾病。家屬和律師多次申請保外就醫被拒，當局也拒絕讓她及時接受治療。 2014年2月19日，警方將重度昏迷的曹順利送入999急救中心搶救，後轉入北京309醫院急救，期間醫院多次宣告病危，在3月14日不治。
王宇律師引述曹順利哥哥的話說，他在曹順利死去的當天看到了她的屍體，身體已經變形，遍佈青紫色的傷痕，全身都腫了起來，看上去極其可怕，不像是人的身體，一定受到過酷刑折磨。王宇律師還說，醫院的工作人員被告知，不要讓律師看見曹順利的屍體。
其後家人和律師要求就其死因作獨立調查，醫院竟宣稱她的屍體不知所踪，種種跡象顯示當局銷毀曹順利的遺體，以免被發現她在拘留期間遭受虐待。
各國和聯合國對曹順利之死表示悲痛，美國﹑歐盟，以及一些國際組織，將曹順利死亡事件，提交聯合國人權理事會討論。中國外交部發言稱，曹順利得到了認真治療，她的個人權利依法得到保護，並抗議別國借人權干涉司法主權。2019年，在曹順利去世五年後，多名聯合國專家再次呼籲中國當局對她的死因進行全面和獨立的調查。然而中國政府繼續無視這種呼籲。
參考更多資料：
https://2newcenturynet.blogspot.com/2014/03/blog-post_14.html
https://www.ishr.ch/news/zhui-qiu-wen-ze-ji-nian-cao-shun-li
https://www.dw.com/zh/%E6%9B%B9%E9%A1%BA%E5%88%A9%E6%98%AF%E8%B0%81%E4%B8%BA%E4%BD%95%E6%AD%BB%E5%8E%BB/a-17504004
資料更新：2020年12月3日
Name: Cao Shunli (曹順利)
Date of birth: 28 March 1961
Date of death: 14 March 2014
Occupation: Human rights activist
Date of detention: 14 September 2013. Chinese police detained her at Beijing Capital International Airport to prevent her from traveling to Geneva, to participate in the UN Human Rights Council’s Universal Periodic Review on China.
Ground of detention: After more than a month of enforced disappearance, the Chinese authorities confirmed that she was criminally detained and charged with illegal assembly.
Date of formal arrest: On 21 October 2013, Cao Shunli was formally arrested, and the authorities changed the accusation to “picking quarrels and provoking trouble".
Date of Indictment:
Legal representation: Lawyer Wang Yu
Date of trial:
Date of sentencing:
Verdict:
Sentence:
Location of detention/imprisonment: Chaoyang Detention Centre of Beijing City. After she died from organ failure in 309 Military Hospital in Beijing, the hospital claimed her body was no longer there.
Description:
Cao Shunli graduated from Peking University, where she received a Master’s Degree in Law in the 1980s, and became a civil servant at the Ministry of Human Resources. In 1994, she started to expose corruption in the distribution of housing among her supervisors, which caused her to lose her job in 2000. While petitioning for herself, she has been helping other petitioners since 2008, providing legal assistance to them, translating documents introducing the UN’s human rights mechanisms into Chinese, and informing them about the UN Human Rights Council’s complaint procedure and Universal Periodic Review. Her effort to promote human rights education brought her twice punishment of “re-education through labour” in 2009 and 2010 (one year and 15 months respectively). During these detentions, she was tortured repeatedly, including not receiving enough food and being force-fed through nasal tubes.
Nevertheless, she continued to lobby for public disclosure of information, promote citizens’ participation in the procedure when the Chinese government submits its national human rights reports to the United Nations. Since June 2013, she has also participated in sit-ins in front of the building of China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, demanding to participate in the process of drafting the Universal Periodic Review report. However, the authorities denied their demand.
Cao Shunli was detained on 14 September 2013 at Beijing Capital International Airport while attempting to travel to Geneva to attend an NGO event on cooperation with UN human rights mechanisms during the Human Rights Council session. The authorities criminally detained her in the Chaoyang District Detention Centre on charges of “illegal assembly." She was formally arrested on 21 October of the same year and the charge was changed to “picking quarrels and provoking trouble."
On 30 October 2013, her lawyer Wang Yu met Cao in the detention centre and found that Cao Shunli became very thin, extremely weak and malnourished. Cao Shunli had suffered from liver disease, a severe condition of liver ascites before this detention. In the Chaoyang District Detention Centre, she got neither treatment nor medicine and her condition deteriorated. Under pressure from various sides, the detention centre conducted a medical examination and found that Cao had contracted tuberculosis, got fluid in the liver, suffered from uterine tumors and other diseases. Cao’s family members and lawyer have repeatedly applied for medical parole, but the authorities refused their applications and failed to provide her treatment in time. On 19 February 2014, the police sent Cao Shunli, who was already in a coma, to the emergency medical centre. She was then transferred to 309 Military Hospital in Beijing, which declared that she was critically ill. She passed away on 14 March 2014 due to organ failure.
The hospital declined her lawyer Wang Yu’s request to see Cao Shunli’s body. Wang Yu quoted Cao Shunli’s elder brother, who saw Cao Shunli’s body on the day of her death, describing her body as deformed and swollen, covered with bluish-purple marks. He commented that it looked extremely scary, not even like a human body. Cao’s family believed that Cao was tortured and demanded an independent investigation of her death. Then the hospital claimed that Cao’s body was no longer there and refused to disclose further details. It is believed that the authorities cremated Cao to destroy any evidence of her mistreatment in detention.
Many countries and the United Nations expressed their grief over Cao Shunli’s death. The United States, the European Union, and some international organizations raised the death of Cao Shunli to the UN Human Rights Council for discussion. The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that Cao Shunli had received appropriate treatment and her individual rights were respected in accordance with the law. It even protested that other countries were interfering with China’s judicial sovereignty in the name of human rights. In 2019, five years after Cao Shunli’s death, UN experts once again called on the Chinese authorities to conduct a comprehensive and independent investigation into the cause of Cao’s death. However, the Chinese government continues to ignore such calls.
For more information:
https://2newcenturynet.blogspot.com/2014/03/blog-post_14.html
https://www.ishr.ch/news/zhui-qiu-wen-ze-ji-nian-cao-shun-li
https://www.dw.com/zh/%E6%9B%B9%E9%A1%BA%E5%88%A9%E6%98%AF%E8%B0%81%E4%B8%BA%E4%BD%95%E6%AD%BB%E5%8E%BB/a-17504004
https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=24331
Updated: 7 December 2020
